Back pain is one of the most common medical problems today, affecting 8 out of 10 people at some point during their lives. It can originate in the muscles, in the nerves, or in the bones and their supporting structures. As with most maladies, back pain is considered either chronic or acute. Chronic pain is continuously present, in varying degrees of severity, and can last for months or even years. The causes of chronic pain can be myriad, but are often linked to old trauma, muscles strain, or spinal misalignment. Acute back pain is pain that occurs suddenly, and can be caused by disease, infection, injury, or misalignment of the spine. Some of these conditions can be serious. If you experience acute back pain, you should be checked by your health care provider as soon as possible to rule out potentially life threatening situations.
By far the most common type of back pain is lower back pain, often caused by muscle strain or spinal misalignment. In order to improve this type of back pain, you need to focus first on identifying the situations in your life that may be causing or worsening the problem. Some things that contribute to back pain are: poor body mechanics; excess weight; stress; poor posture; lack of exercise; poor nutrition; improper shoes; and, repetitive tasks. Each of these contributing factors could be a blog entry of its own, and we’ll look at some of them in the near future. In the meantime, if you find that any of these things are contributing to your back pain, do a little research to learn what you can do to change them. Sometimes just a small change can make a big difference.
There are certain protective actions you can take to keep from worsening your back pain. The basic idea is to protect your back from strain by maintaining good posture, whether sitting, standing and walking, or sleeping. When sitting, men should stop wearing their wallets in their back pockets (women, too, if it applies). Sitting with a wallet under one hip all the time chronically misaligns your back. You should also avoid sitting with your legs crossed. Instead, sit with your feet flat on the floor, or crossed at the ankles. This keeps your posture balanced and improves muscle strength. Also avoid slouching. Sit up straight instead. Finally, try not to stay seated for too long at a stretch. Get up and move around to prevent muscle fatigue.
When you are standing, practice relaxing your knees instead of locking them. This helps with good posture as well. If you must stand in one place for extended periods, rest one foot at a time on a low box or stool, once more preventing muscle fatigue. Work at keeping your shoulders directly over your hips rather than letting them hunch forward. When reaching for things, turn your whole body instead of twisting at the waist. And bend at the knees to pick things up rather than bending from the back. For women (or men, if it applies), switching to well-fitting low-heeled or flat shoes can also help protect your back.
The first, and perhaps most important, consideration in protecting your back while you sleep is to choose a mattress that supports all parts of your body as evenly as possible. Most people will spend from a quarter to a third of their lives sleeping. If you’re going to spend that much time anyplace, it should be the best possible. There are lots of options in the world of mattresses, and some of them can be pretty pricey. If you decide you need a new mattress, be sure to do your research. And do your best to try out mattresses before your buy. Personally, I’ve tried all the latest and greatest designs–water beds, adjustable air mattresses, and viscoelastic foam (”memory” foam). They all had their pros and cons for me, but I finally landed (no pun intended) on a memory foam mattress, with a softer memory foam topper on it. But what meets your needs could be entirely different.
There are a few other tips for protecting your back while sleeping. First of all, try to avoid sleeping on your stomach. This position can twist the neck and put unusual strain on the shoulders. It also exaggerates the natural curves of your back. If you sleep on your side, try to keep both legs bent. Using a body pillow or bolster to support your upper arm and leg will help maintain the proper alignment of your spine. And make sure your pillow is shaped so that it supports your head and neck well enough that your lower shoulder doesn’t curl under. If you sleep on your back, try to keep your arms relaxed at your sides. And make sure your pillow isn’t so high that it tilts your neck at an unnatural angle. You can try placing small pillows or rolled up towels under your knees and your neck, and maybe even the small of your back, to relieve pressure points. (This can help even if you don’t have the best mattress.)
Besides just protecting your back, there are many other natural things you can try to relieve back pain. Some of the simplest are exercises to strengthen the back muscles and relieve tension. We’ll look at some specific exercises you can do tomorrow.